BENEFITS OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY IMPLEMENTATION FOR UKRAINIAN ENTERPRISES UNDER MARTIAL LAW

Abstract

The full-scale aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine has many negative consequences in all spheres: society, economy, environment. This article shows the expediency of introducing the principles of circular economy during martial law. In particular, the introduction of these processes will stimulate the gradual sustainable development of Ukraine. First of all, the article identified the problem that existed even before the full-scale war: a small number of waste processing enterprises, the lack of a culture of waste distribution by groups, which would allow to use it as a secondary raw material, or if it is impossible to reuse it - to dispose of it properly. The article presented the main statistical indicators of the amount of waste generated in Ukraine in the period from 2019 to 2021. The types of waste by hazard classes were shown, which is an important indicator, since many citizens of the state store these materials or improperly dispose of them, thereby harming the environment and their health. Due to the heavy fighting in certain regions, there is a significant flow of internally displaced persons, which already in safer regions in the center or west of Ukraine create a greater burden on landfills. The situation is further complicated by air attacks, which have damaged or destroyed recycling facilities. The article also describes direct emissions directly from the battles and terrorist actions of the occupiers: in many territories occupied by Russian troops, cemeteries of vehicles that were shot, unexploded shells, fragments from them, abandoned or destroyed military equipment were found. Most of these wastes are subject to recycling, as they contain precious metals. Speaking about the destruction of residential buildings, laboratory analysis of the debris of buildings is important, because their further path depends on it: recycling or disposal. This paper analyzes the consequences of a massive missile attack on October 10, 2022, which resulted in interruptions in the process of electricity and heat supply. In this regard, there is a massive demand for devices that produce light or heat. Most of these products, if properly classified by hazard classes, can be recycled. But there are also devices with toxic content (accumulators, batteries) that are subject only to disposal. The work is summarized by a description of the principles of the circular economy and the possibility of their implementation in Ukraine, in particular, the recycling of building materials, metals from transport and the use of renewable energy.