INTERNATIONAL LABOR MIGRATION AS A FORM OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of modern world trends in the development and spread of international labor migration as a form of economic activity. International migration of labor resources is considered in the article as a global process, which is characterized by a high level of influence on public life, demographic and political situation, as well as the socio-economic development of both an individual country and the world economy as a whole. The research methodology is based on the methods of theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, comparison and dynamics. The method of theoretical generalization is used in the article to describe the concept and historical trends in the development of migration processes in the world. In turn, the methods of analysis and synthesis were used to conduct a detailed study of existing scientific publications and research on the development of labor migration. On the basis of the analysis, the previously unexplored features of migration processes were identified, and the relevance of the selected topic was confirmed. Using comparison methods and dynamics, the article carried out a comparative analysis of the features and trends in the development of international labor migration, which was built on the basis of the official reports of the International Labor Organization for 2013, 2017 and 2019. Changes in the global level of participation of labor migrants and non-migrants in the indicator of the total labor force are analyzed, and the forecast of experts regarding the development of this indicator and the reasons for its decline is considered. The dynamics of changes in migration processes in quantitative terms is presented. The article also examines the factors of the existing uneven employment of migrants by gender. The current geographic focus of labor migrants and the specifics of uneven sectoral distribution have been determined. A study of the current state of the international labor market has been carried out. The study analyzed the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on labor migration processes. Losses in the world labor market as a result of the economic crisis caused by the spread of the pandemic, as well as further trends in the development of the global economy are considered.