PROBLEMS OF ACCOUNTING ASSESSMENT OF BUYERS' ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF ENTERPRISES

Abstract

In a market economy, the financial condition of business entities depends on their relationships with other entities, their solvency, the fulfillment of contractual obligations, payment discipline, etc. Among the complex problems of interaction of business structures was the problem of excessive volumes of receivables, which is a consequence of instability and lack of certainty of the functioning of enterprises in a crisis of non-payment and inefficient management. The analysis of the state of receivables, aimed at optimizing its size and ensuring control over the calculations of counterparties, becomes a component of the asset management policy. Properly organized accounting of receivables will contribute to the inadmissibility of late payment deadlines and bringing the debt to a state of hopeless. The effectiveness of keeping records of current receivables depends on its recognition and assessment, which proves the relevance of the subject of the study. The purpose of writing the article is to find out the peculiarities of assessing receivables on settlements with buyers and customers for its reliable reflection in the reporting as an indicator that affects the solvency of the enterprise. The article investigates the problematic issues of accounting assessment of receivables for products (goods, works, services) arising from accountants during its initial recognition and reflection as part of the indicators of financial statements; the principles of accounting assessment of receivables of buyers and customers of the enterprise are disclosed; the problems of recognizing doubtful and bad debts and the peculiarities of their solution in domestic and foreign practice; the methods of calculating the reserve of doubtful debts, the advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods and the feasibility of their use at different enterprises are considered; the directions of improving the accounting of receivables in the direction of detailing the elements of accounting policy on settlements with debtors and the formation of an integrated approach in determining the reserve of doubtful debts, taking into account the specifics of the business entity, are outlined.